Orthoptics Services refers to therapy involving exercises which are aimed at improving visual skills such as eye teaming, binocular coordination, depth perception, focusing and eye- hand coordination. It is also used in the treatment of amblyopia or lazy eye. Vision therapy is like physical therapy for the entire visual system, including the eyes and the parts of the brain that control vision. Developmental optometrists involved in vision therapy use a variety of procedures to correct neurophysiological or neurosensory visual dysfunctions. Overall, the goal of vision therapy is to treat vision problems that cannot be treated successfully with eyeglasses, contact lenses and/or surgery alone, and help people achieve clear, comfortable binocular visio.

Orthoptics is one type of vision training, but the term "Orthoptics" is not synonymous with "Vision Therapy," which describes a broader range of techniques used to treat a wider variety of vision problems.

The emphasis in orthoptics is on eye muscles and eye alignment (at least cosmetically), whereas the goal of vision therapy is to optimize the entire visual system, including the eyes and areas of the brain that control vision, visual perception and other vision-related functions. By treating the entire visual system, vision therapy aims to change reflexive (automatic) behaviors to produce a lasting cure.